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Dermatology > Scabies Treatment
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Scabies is an uncomfortable condition, which needs fast treatment to prevent spreading and infecting others.
Scabies is a highly contagious skin condition caused by the infestation of the Sarcoptes scabies mite. This tiny parasite burrows into the skin and causes intense itching and discomfort.
This condition can affect anyone, regardless of age, gender, or socioeconomic status, and it often spreads in crowded environments such as schools, nursing homes, and among family members.
The primary cause of scabies is the female mite, which burrows into the epidermis to lay eggs. This process results in an inflammatory response, causing intense itching, especially at night.
Scabies are typically transmitted through skin-to-skin contact, so close physical interactions are a common way to spread the mites. However, although this mode of transmission is less common, it can also be contracted through infested bedding, clothing, or towels.
The most prominent symptom of scabies is itching, which can be severe and often worsens at night. Other symptoms include:
A doctor can usually diagnose scabies based on the characteristic symptoms and a physical examination of the skin. In some cases, skin scraping may be taken under a microscope to confirm the presence of mites or their eggs.
Effective treatment for scabies focuses on eradicating the mites and alleviating the symptoms. The following options are commonly recommended:
1. Topical Scabicides: Prescription creams and lotions, such as permethrin (5% cream) or benzyl benzoate, are the first-line treatments. These are applied directly to the skin from the neck down and left on for a specified duration, usually overnight. It is crucial to follow the application instructions carefully to ensure effectiveness.
2. Oral Medications: In more severe cases or when topical treatments are ineffective, oral medications like ivermectin may be prescribed. This is particularly useful for crusted scabies, a severe infestation requiring more aggressive treatment.
3. Symptom Relief: Over-the-counter antihistamines or corticosteroid creams can help alleviate itching and inflammation. However, these should be used in conjunction with scabicides for complete treatment.
4. Environmental Measures: To prevent re-infestation, it’s essential to wash all clothing, bedding, and towels in hot water and dry them on a hot cycle. Items that cannot be washed can be sealed in plastic bags for at least 72 hours to kill any remaining mites.
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