Skin Problems

One of the most common problems we see at the clinic are skin problems, which can range from a single lesion to a widespread rash.

The skin is the body’s largest organ and performs essential functions such as body temperature regulation, production of Vitamin D, protection against trauma, toxins, and bacteria, and controls the loss of vital substances. The skin consists of two main layers, the dermis and the epidermis.

Symptoms of skin problems include:

• Spots.
• Pruritus (itching).
• Rash, which may or may not be itchy.
• Discoloration or white patches.
• Erythematous (reddened) lesions, with or without pus.
• Scaly patches.
• Burning or pain on the skin surface.
• Papule (a small, raised, solid pimple or swelling).
• Plaque (a raised patch).

Common skin conditions in adults include acne, cellulitis, vasculitis, vitiligo, folliculitis, warts, psoriasis, skin cancer, and shingles (herpes zoster). In children, things like chicken pox, eczema, measles, impetigo, and nappy rash are most common.

Skin problems occur as the result of a trigger (allergen, temperature, infection, medication, or in some cases, an unknown trigger), which prompts the body to release histamine and other chemical messengers into the skin. The skin’s response is to open up the blood vessels, which is what causes the red or pinkish colouring of a rash, and to release fluid into the tissues, which leads to swelling and itchiness.

The main causes of skin problems are:

• Allergic reaction, e.g. to a food allergen, or insect bite.
• Exposure to cold or heat.
• Infection – such as cold or flu.
• Medications, e.g. over-the-counter painkillers (NSAIDs) or antibiotics.
• Unknown trigger.
• Autoimmune condition.

If you notice any skin changes, or are suffering from any of the symptoms listed above, come and talk to one of our doctors or specialist dermatologists about diagnosis and treatment. Treatment will vary depending on the condition.