Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Diagnosis, Research & Management
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects individuals with ovaries, often during their reproductive years. Characterized
Gynaecology > Endometriosis
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Endometriosis is a common and often chronic condition in which uterine tissue (or endometrium, which lines the womb) appears in other parts of the body.
This endometrial tissue can be found in the ovaries and fallopian tubes, or even in the stomach, bladder, bowels and other parts of the digestive tract.
It is less common in post-menopausal women than it is in women of childbearing age.
The causes of endometriosis remain largely unidentified, and current understanding suggests it may be linked to a variety of factors.
These include genetic predispositions, abnormalities in the immune system, the potential spread of endometrial cells through the lymphatic system, or the phenomenon of retrograde menstruation.
However, it has been established that retrograde menstruation occurs when the uterine lining flows backward, moving upwards into the pelvic cavity where it becomes implanted.
Symptoms of endometriosis include severe period pain and pelvic pain (during your period or throughout the month of your cycle), heavy bleeding, pain during or after sex, rectal bleeding, and fatigue.
The pain and chronic nature of endometriosis, which can interfere with daily life, can, in some cases, cause depression. Infertility is the main complication of endometriosis. Many other conditions may present with similar symptoms, so speaking to a specialist doctor is important.
Diagnosis may include laparoscopy, which allows the doctor to see patches of endometrial tissue inside the body. Once diagnosed, treatment options include anti-inflammatory painkillers, hormone-based treatments, or minor surgical procedures to remove patches of endometrial tissue.
There is currently no absolute cure for endometriosis. Still, with appropriate treatment, the symptoms can be lessened, and surgery to remove endometrial tissue can help to improve the likelihood of getting pregnant.
Its impact on fertility varies based on the disease’s extent, scar tissue, and treatment response. Here is a brief overview of how endometriosis can affect fertility:
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